20 Worst Dog Breeds for Cold Weather: Chilly Climate Challenges

ByHenry Steinman Posted on

Dogs in snow, shivering, huddled together for warmth. Snowflakes falling, icy wind blowing. Huskies, Malamutes, and Newfoundlands stand out

As winter approaches, many dog owners wonder how their furry friends will handle the cold weather.

Not all canines are equally equipped to deal with frigid temperatures and snowy conditions. Some breeds struggle more than others when the mercury drops.

Certain dog breeds are particularly ill-suited for cold climates due to their physical characteristics or origins in warmer regions.

Understanding which dogs fare poorly in cold weather can help owners make informed decisions about pet care during winter months.

This knowledge is crucial for ensuring the health, safety and comfort of our canine companions when temperatures plummet.

1. Chihuahua

A shivering Chihuahua sits outside in a snowstorm, ears pinned back and tail tucked between its legs. Snowflakes accumulate on its tiny body, and its breath forms small puffs of steam in the frigid air

Chihuahuas are one of the least suitable dog breeds for cold weather. Their small size and thin coat make them highly susceptible to low temperatures.

These tiny dogs have a high surface area to volume ratio, which causes them to lose body heat quickly. Chihuahuas often shiver even in mild conditions, indicating their sensitivity to cold.

Their short fur provides minimal insulation against chilly weather. Some Chihuahuas have slightly longer coats, but even these offer limited protection from the cold.

Owners must take extra precautions to keep Chihuahuas warm during winter. Doggy sweaters, coats, and booties are essential for outdoor activities in cold climates.

Chihuahuas are better suited for indoor living during colder months. They may require heated beds or blankets to maintain a comfortable body temperature.

2. Italian Greyhound

An Italian Greyhound shivers in the snow, ears drooping and tail tucked, surrounded by other dogs labeled as the "20 Worst Dog Breeds for Cold Weather."

Italian Greyhounds are elegant and slender dogs with a short, fine coat that offers minimal protection against cold weather. Their small size and low body fat make them particularly susceptible to chilly temperatures.

These dogs shiver easily and can become uncomfortable in cool environments. Italian Greyhounds often seek warmth by burrowing under blankets or curling up in cozy spots.

Owners need to provide warm clothing for Italian Greyhounds during colder months. Sweaters, jackets, and booties are essential for outdoor activities in chilly weather.

Italian Greyhounds are better suited for indoor living in cold climates. They require constant monitoring and protection from harsh weather conditions to ensure their comfort and well-being.

3. Whippet

A whippet shivers in a snowy landscape, ears flattened against the cold wind, as it struggles to find warmth in the harsh winter weather

Whippets are slender, graceful dogs with short, fine coats that offer minimal insulation against cold temperatures. Their lean bodies lack the necessary fat to retain heat effectively in chilly conditions.

These dogs are particularly sensitive to cold weather due to their low body fat percentage and thin skin. Whippets often shiver and seek warmth when exposed to cooler environments.

Owners should be cautious about taking Whippets outdoors during cold seasons. These dogs require protective clothing such as sweaters or coats to maintain body heat when temperatures drop.

Whippets are better suited for indoor living during winter months. They thrive in warm, cozy environments and may struggle to adapt to cold climates.

Exercise routines for Whippets should be adjusted during colder weather to prevent discomfort and potential health issues related to exposure to low temperatures.

4. Shih Tzu

A Shih Tzu shivers in snow, surrounded by icy winds and frost-covered ground

Shih Tzus are small, long-haired dogs that struggle in cold weather. Their short legs and compact bodies make it difficult for them to navigate through snow and ice.

Despite their fluffy appearance, Shih Tzus have a single coat that provides minimal insulation against low temperatures. Their facial structure, with a short muzzle and large eyes, makes them susceptible to respiratory issues in cold air.

These dogs originated in warm climates, making them ill-equipped for harsh winters. Shih Tzus can quickly lose body heat, especially when their coat gets wet or matted.

Owners should limit their Shih Tzu’s outdoor time during cold weather and provide proper protection, such as sweaters or coats. Regular grooming is essential to prevent matting, which can reduce the coat’s insulating properties.

5. Pug

A pug shivers in the snow, wearing a tiny sweater. Snowflakes fall around it, and its breath creates small puffs in the cold air

Pugs are ill-suited for cold weather due to their small size and short coats. Their flat faces make it difficult for them to breathe in chilly conditions, increasing the risk of respiratory issues.

These dogs have minimal body fat and struggle to maintain warmth in low temperatures. Their short legs keep them close to the cold ground, exposing them to frigid surfaces.

Pugs are prone to hypothermia and frostbite, especially on their ears, paws, and tail. They often shiver and become lethargic in cold environments, indicating discomfort.

Owners should limit outdoor time for Pugs during winter and provide proper protection such as sweaters and booties. Indoor heating is essential to keep these dogs comfortable in colder climates.

6. Dachshund

A dachshund shivers in the snow, ears drooping and tail tucked, as the cold weather takes its toll

Dachshunds are not well-suited for cold weather due to their small size and short legs. Their long, low-to-the-ground bodies make them susceptible to the cold, as their bellies are close to snow and frozen ground.

These dogs have short coats that provide minimal insulation against chilly temperatures. While some Dachshunds have longer hair, it still doesn’t offer adequate protection from harsh winter conditions.

Dachshunds often struggle in deep snow due to their short stature. This can lead to difficulty moving around and increased exposure to cold surfaces.

Their thin skin and lack of body fat contribute to their poor cold tolerance. Dachshunds may quickly become uncomfortable or even develop health issues when exposed to frigid environments for extended periods.

7. Chinese Crested

A Chinese Crested shivering in the snow, with a sad expression and trembling body, surrounded by other dog breeds better suited for cold weather

Chinese Crested dogs are poorly suited for cold weather due to their minimal fur coverage. These small, elegant dogs come in two varieties: hairless and powderpuff. The hairless type has exposed skin on most of its body, with tufts of hair only on its head, tail, and feet.

This lack of fur leaves Chinese Cresteds vulnerable to chilly temperatures. They quickly lose body heat in cold environments and can become uncomfortable or even ill if exposed for too long.

Even the powderpuff variety, which has a full coat of soft, fine hair, lacks the dense undercoat typical of cold-weather breeds. This makes them less insulated against frigid conditions.

Chinese Cresteds require extra protection in cold climates. Owners often dress them in sweaters or coats when going outdoors during winter months. These dogs are best suited for warm indoor environments and should have limited exposure to cold weather.

8. Yorkshire Terrier

A Yorkshire Terrier shivers in the snow, surrounded by other small dogs. Snowflakes fall gently around them, and the wind blows through their fur

Yorkshire Terriers are small dogs with long, silky coats that provide little protection against cold temperatures. Their tiny size makes them vulnerable to rapid heat loss in chilly environments.

Yorkies have a low tolerance for cold weather and can quickly become uncomfortable when exposed to freezing conditions. They may shiver and seek warmth, indicating their discomfort in low temperatures.

These dogs are better suited for indoor living and require extra care during winter months. Owners should provide warm clothing, such as sweaters or jackets, when taking Yorkies outside in cold weather.

Yorkshire Terriers are not well-equipped for snowy or icy conditions. Their small paws can easily become cold and irritated by ice and snow, making winter walks challenging.

9. Miniature Pinscher

A Miniature Pinscher shivers in the snow, ears drooping, as it struggles in the cold weather

Miniature Pinschers struggle in cold weather due to their small size and short coat. These petite dogs lack the insulation necessary to retain body heat effectively in chilly conditions.

Min Pins have a thin, single-layer coat that provides minimal protection against low temperatures. Their short stature also brings them closer to cold ground surfaces, increasing heat loss.

These energetic dogs may initially seem unbothered by the cold as they run and play. However, they can quickly become chilled without proper protection.

Owners should limit Miniature Pinschers’ outdoor time in cold weather. Providing warm sweaters or coats is essential for these dogs during winter months.

Indoor living is ideal for Min Pins in colder climates. They thrive in warm environments and appreciate cozy blankets and heated beds during chilly seasons.

10. Pekingese

A Pekingese shivers in snow, surrounded by other small dogs

Pekingese dogs struggle in cold weather due to their small size and short legs. Their compact bodies lose heat quickly, making it difficult for them to maintain warmth in chilly conditions.

The breed’s flat face can cause breathing difficulties, which may worsen in cold air. This can lead to discomfort and potential health issues when exposed to low temperatures for extended periods.

Pekingese have a thick double coat, but it’s not designed for extreme cold. Their fur is better suited for keeping them cool in warmer climates rather than providing insulation against winter chill.

These dogs are prone to shivering in cold weather and may refuse to go outside when temperatures drop. Owners should provide warm clothing and limit outdoor time to protect their Pekingese from cold-related stress.

11. Boston Terrier

A Boston Terrier shivering in a snowy landscape, with icy wind blowing and frost forming on its fur

Boston Terriers struggle in cold weather due to their short, fine coats. These small dogs lack the insulation needed to maintain body heat in chilly conditions.

Their compact size also contributes to heat loss, as they have a high surface area to volume ratio. This makes it difficult for them to retain warmth in low temperatures.

Boston Terriers have a brachycephalic (flat-faced) structure, which can impair their breathing in cold air. This facial shape may lead to respiratory issues when exposed to frigid temperatures for extended periods.

These dogs are prone to shivering and discomfort when temperatures drop. They require extra protection, such as sweaters or coats, during winter outings.

Indoor living is preferable for Boston Terriers in cold climates. They thrive in warmer environments and are better suited to moderate temperatures.

12. French Bulldog

A French Bulldog shivers in a snowy landscape, surrounded by other dog breeds labeled as "worst for cold weather."

French Bulldogs struggle in cold weather due to their short coats and compact bodies. These small dogs have difficulty retaining body heat, making them susceptible to chills in low temperatures.

Their brachycephalic (flat-faced) features further complicate cold weather adaptation. The shortened snout and narrow airways make it challenging for French Bulldogs to warm cold air before it reaches their lungs.

French Bulldogs also have short legs, which position their bodies close to the cold ground. This proximity increases heat loss through conduction, exacerbating their discomfort in chilly conditions.

Owners should limit French Bulldogs’ outdoor exposure during cold weather. Protective gear like sweaters and booties can help, but these dogs are best suited for indoor living in colder climates.

13. Cavalier King Charles Spaniel

A Cavalier King Charles Spaniel shivering in the snow, with a sad expression, surrounded by other dogs thriving in the cold

Cavalier King Charles Spaniels struggle in cold weather due to their small size and thin coat. These adorable dogs have a single-layer coat that provides minimal insulation against low temperatures.

Their floppy ears and long fur can accumulate snow and ice, causing discomfort. Cavaliers are prone to shivering and seeking warmth when exposed to chilly conditions.

These spaniels originate from warmer climates and are not naturally equipped for harsh winters. Their short legs keep their bodies close to the cold ground, further increasing heat loss.

Owners should limit outdoor time for Cavaliers in cold weather. Providing warm clothing, such as sweaters or coats, can help protect these sensitive dogs from the elements.

14. Bichon Frise

A Bichon Frise shivers in a snowstorm, surrounded by other small dogs. The wind whips their fur as they huddle together for warmth

The Bichon Frise is a small, fluffy dog breed that struggles in cold weather. Their coat, while thick, does not provide adequate insulation against harsh winter conditions.

Bichon Frises have a delicate frame and low body fat, making them susceptible to rapid heat loss. Their small size means they have a high surface area to volume ratio, causing them to lose warmth quickly.

These dogs are not well-suited for outdoor activities in cold climates. They require extra protection, such as sweaters or coats, when venturing outside during winter months.

Bichon Frises are prone to shivering and seeking warmth when temperatures drop. Their paws are sensitive to cold surfaces, and they may refuse to walk on snow or ice.

Owners should limit their Bichon Frise’s exposure to cold weather and provide a warm, indoor environment during winter.

15. Papillon

A Papillon dog shivers in a snowy landscape, with a disapproving expression, surrounded by other dogs that are better suited for cold weather

Papillons are small, delicate dogs with distinctive butterfly-like ears. Their fine bone structure and thin coat make them ill-suited for cold weather conditions.

These dogs lack the insulating undercoat necessary to withstand low temperatures. Their short, silky fur provides minimal protection against chilly winds and snow.

Papillons’ small size contributes to their vulnerability in cold climates. With less body mass to generate and retain heat, they can quickly become chilled when exposed to freezing temperatures.

Their large, erect ears, while charming, also pose a problem in cold weather. The ears’ expansive surface area allows for rapid heat loss, further compromising the dog’s ability to stay warm.

Owners should exercise caution when taking Papillons outdoors in cold weather. Protective clothing and limited exposure time are essential to ensure these petite dogs remain safe and comfortable during winter months.

16. Japanese Chin

Japanese ChinSource © Shutterstock

Japanese Chins are small companion dogs known for their elegant appearance and charming personalities. These delicate canines have a long, silky coat that provides some insulation, but it’s not enough for harsh winter conditions.

Their small size makes them susceptible to cold temperatures. Japanese Chins have difficulty retaining body heat and can quickly become chilled in cold environments.

These dogs are best suited for indoor living and require extra protection when venturing outside during winter. A warm sweater or coat is essential for Japanese Chins in cold weather.

Their short muzzles can also make breathing difficult in extreme temperatures. It’s important to limit their exposure to cold air to prevent respiratory issues.

Japanese Chins thrive in moderate climates and are not well-equipped for snowy or icy conditions. They prefer warm, cozy indoor environments where they can stay comfortable and protected from the elements.

17. Toy Poodle

A Toy Poodle shivering in the snow, with a look of discomfort on its face, surrounded by other dog breeds more suited for cold weather

Toy Poodles are small, intelligent dogs known for their curly coats and energetic personalities. Despite their popularity as companion animals, these diminutive pooches are not well-suited for cold weather environments.

Their small size means they have a high surface area to volume ratio, which causes them to lose body heat quickly. This makes it difficult for Toy Poodles to maintain their body temperature in chilly conditions.

While Poodles have a dense, curly coat, Toy Poodles lack the undercoat that many cold-weather breeds possess. This absence of an insulating layer leaves them more vulnerable to low temperatures.

Toy Poodles also have thin skin and minimal body fat, further reducing their ability to stay warm in cold weather. Their delicate paws are sensitive to ice and snow, making winter walks uncomfortable.

Owners of Toy Poodles should take extra precautions during cold seasons. Providing warm clothing, limiting outdoor exposure, and ensuring a cozy indoor environment are essential for these small dogs’ comfort and well-being in colder climates.

18. Maltese

A Maltese dog shivering in the snow, with a sad expression and curled tail, surrounded by other breeds playing happily in the cold weather

The Maltese is a small breed that struggles in cold weather. Their fine, silky coat provides little insulation against chilly temperatures.

These dogs have a low tolerance for cold and can quickly become uncomfortable outdoors during winter. Their small size means they lose body heat rapidly in frigid conditions.

Maltese dogs often shiver and seek warmth when exposed to cold. They may refuse to go outside for walks or bathroom breaks in chilly weather.

Owners should provide warm clothing like sweaters or coats for Maltese dogs in cold climates. Indoor heating is essential to keep these dogs comfortable during winter months.

Maltese are better suited for warmer environments. They thrive in moderate temperatures and require extra care and protection in cold weather regions.

19. Brussels Griffon

A Brussels Griffon shivers in the snow, surrounded by other small dogs. The wind blows fiercely, and the dogs huddle together for warmth

The Brussels Griffon is a small breed that struggles in cold weather conditions. Their short coat provides minimal insulation against chilly temperatures.

These dogs have a compact body size, which means they lose heat quickly in cold environments. Their small paws are also susceptible to frostbite when exposed to snow and ice.

Brussels Griffons often shiver and seek warmth when temperatures drop. They may refuse to go outside for walks or bathroom breaks in cold weather.

Owners should provide warm clothing and limit outdoor time for Brussels Griffons during winter months. Indoor heating and cozy bedding are essential for keeping these dogs comfortable in colder climates.

Regular grooming is important to maintain the Brussels Griffon’s coat, but it does not significantly improve their cold tolerance. These dogs are better suited for milder climates or indoor living during cold seasons.

20. Cairn Terrier

A Cairn Terrier shivers in a snowy landscape, with icy winds blowing through the air

Cairn Terriers, despite their hardy appearance, are not well-suited for cold weather conditions. These small dogs have a double coat that provides some insulation, but it’s not enough for extreme temperatures.

Their compact size works against them in cold climates. With less body mass, Cairn Terriers struggle to retain heat efficiently. This makes them more susceptible to hypothermia and frostbite.

Cairn Terriers originated in the Scottish Highlands, but they were primarily bred for hunting small prey, not for enduring harsh winters. Their short legs can easily become cold when walking through snow.

These terriers have high energy levels and enjoy outdoor activities. However, in cold weather, their enthusiasm can lead them to overexert themselves, potentially causing health issues.

Owners should limit Cairn Terriers’ time outdoors during winter and provide them with appropriate cold-weather gear for necessary outings.

Characteristics of Cold-Weather Intolerance in Dogs

A pack of shivering dogs huddle together, their fur bristling against the biting cold. Their noses are buried in their thick coats as they seek warmth in the harsh winter weather

Certain physical traits make some dogs less equipped to handle cold temperatures. These characteristics can leave them vulnerable to discomfort or even health risks in chilly weather.

Short Fur and Lack of Undercoat

Dogs with short, thin coats struggle to retain body heat in cold conditions. Breeds like Chihuahuas, Greyhounds, and Whippets have minimal fur protection against the elements.

Without a thick undercoat, these dogs can’t trap warm air close to their skin. This leaves them exposed to wind chill and dropping temperatures.

Some short-haired breeds also lack the oils in their fur that help repel moisture. This makes them more susceptible to getting wet and cold quickly in snow or rain.

Small Body Mass

Tiny dog breeds have a higher surface area to volume ratio, causing them to lose heat faster than larger dogs. Toy breeds like Yorkies and Pomeranians can quickly become chilled in cold weather.

Their small size means less muscle mass to generate and retain warmth. These dogs may start shivering to produce heat, but this uses up energy rapidly.

Small breeds also sit closer to the cold ground, exposing more of their body to chilly surfaces. This can lead to faster heat loss through conduction.

Thin Skin and Low Body Fat

Dogs with thin skin and low body fat have less insulation against the cold. Breeds like Italian Greyhounds and Chinese Cresteds fall into this category.

Thin skin provides little barrier between a dog’s internal organs and the cold air. This can lead to rapid cooling of their core body temperature.

Low body fat means these dogs lack an important layer of insulation. Fat acts as a natural barrier against cold, helping to maintain warmth in harsh conditions.

Dogs with these traits may need extra protection like coats or limited outdoor time in cold weather. Monitoring for signs of discomfort is crucial for their well-being in chilly temperatures.

Health Risks for Cold-Weather Intolerant Breeds

A group of cold-weather intolerant dog breeds shivering and huddling together in a snowy, icy landscape, showing signs of discomfort and distress

Cold-sensitive dog breeds face several health risks when exposed to low temperatures. These risks can range from mild discomfort to life-threatening conditions if not addressed promptly.

Hypothermia

Hypothermia occurs when a dog’s body temperature drops below normal. Small breeds and those with short coats are particularly susceptible.

Early signs of hypothermia include shivering, lethargy, and cold ears and paws. As the condition progresses, dogs may experience muscle stiffness, slow breathing, and a weak pulse.

Severe hypothermia can lead to collapse, coma, and even death. Immediate veterinary care is crucial if hypothermia is suspected.

Prevention is key. Limiting outdoor time in cold weather and providing proper protection like coats and booties can help maintain body heat.

Frostbite

Frostbite affects exposed skin and tissue, typically on extremities such as ears, tail, and paw pads. It occurs when blood flow to these areas decreases due to extreme cold.

Affected areas may appear pale or bluish and feel cold to the touch. As frostbitten tissue thaws, it can become red, swollen, and painful.

Severe frostbite can lead to tissue death and may require amputation in extreme cases.

Dogs with frostbite need immediate veterinary attention. Gradual warming of affected areas is essential; rapid warming can cause further damage.

Protective gear and limiting exposure to frigid temperatures are effective preventive measures.

Respiratory Issues

Cold air can irritate a dog’s respiratory system, leading to various problems. Breeds with short muzzles (brachycephalic breeds) are especially vulnerable.

Symptoms may include coughing, wheezing, and difficulty breathing. Cold air can trigger asthma-like reactions in some dogs.

Prolonged exposure to cold, dry air can cause inflammation of the airways and increase the risk of respiratory infections.

Dogs with pre-existing respiratory conditions may experience worsened symptoms in cold weather.

To protect against these issues, owners should limit outdoor time in extreme cold and consider using a humidifier indoors to maintain moisture in the air.

Henry Steinman

Henry is an animal lover, pure and simple. He's been covering dogs and cats and a freelance and full-time writer since 2010. Henry's been with Puppytoob and Kittentoob nearly his entire career. Currently he has 2 dogs, one cat, a turtle, and even a parakeet! He's obsessed with keeping his animals healthy, happy, and even entertained.

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